Far-field excitation of single graphene plasmon cavities with ultracompressed mode volumes
Epstein, Itai; Alcaraz, David; Huang, Zhiqin; Pusapati, Varun-Varma; Hugonin, Jean-Paul; Kumar, Avinash; Deputy, Xander M.; Khodkov, Tymofiy; Rappoport, Tatiana G.; Hong, Jin-Yong; Peres, Nuno M. R.; Kong, Jing; Smith, David R.; Koppens, Frank H. L.
SCIENCE
2020
VL / 368 - BP / 1219 - EP / +
abstract
Acoustic graphene plasmons are highly confined electromagnetic modes carrying large momentum and low loss in the mid-infrared and terahertz spectra. However, until now they have been restricted to micrometer-scale areas, reducing their confinement potential by several orders of magnitude. Using a graphene-based magnetic resonator, we realized single, nanometer-scale acoustic graphene plasmon cavities, reaching mode volume confinement factors of similar to 5 x 10(10). Such a cavity acts as a mid-infrared nanoantenna, which is efficiently excited from the far field and is electrically tunable over an extremely large broadband spectrum. Our approach provides a platform for studying ultrastrong-coupling phenomena, such as chemical manipulation via vibrational strong coupling, as well as a path to efficient detectors and sensors operating in this long-wavelength spectral range.
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