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Postprandial endotoxemia may influence the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus: From the CORDIOPREV study

Camargo, Antonio; Jimenez-Lucena, Rosa; Alcala-Diaz, Juan F.; Rangel-Zuniga, Oriol A.; Garcia-Carpintero, Sonia; Lopez-Moreno, Javier; Blanco-Rojo, Ruth; Delgado-Lista, Javier; Perez-Martinez, Pablo; van Ommen, Ben; Malagon, Maria M.; Ordovas, Jose M.; Per

CLINICAL NUTRITION
2019
VL / 38 - BP / 529 - EP / 538
abstract
Background & aims: Insulin resistance (IR) and impaired beta-cell function are key determinants of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Intestinal absorption of bacterial components activates the toll-like receptors inducing inflammation, and this in turn IR. We evaluated the role of endotoxemia in promoting inflammation-induced insulin resistance (IR) in the development of T2DM, and its usefulness as predictive biomarker. Methods: We included in this study 462 patients from the CORDIOPREV study without T2DM at baseline. Of these, 107 patients developed T2DM according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnosis criteria after a median follow-up of 60 months (Incident-DIAB group), whereas 355 patients did not developed it during this period of time (Non-DIAB group). Results: We observed a postprandial increase in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) levels in the Incident-DIAB at baseline (P < 0.001), whereas LPS levels were not modified in the Non-DIAB. Disease-free survival curves based on the LPS postprandial fold change improved T2DM Risk Assessment as compared with the previously described FINDRISC score (hazard ratio of 2.076, 95% CI 1.149-3.750 vs. 1.384, 95% CI 0.740 -2.589). Moreover, disease-free survival curves combining the LPS postprandial fold change and FIN-DRISC score together showed a hazard ratio of 3.835 (95% CI 1.323-11.114), linked to high values of both parameters. Conclusion: Our results suggest that a high postprandial endotoxemia precedes the development of T2DM. Our results also showed the potential use of LPS plasma levels as a biomarker predictor of T2DM development. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.

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